Abstract

The region of El-Tarf (extreme north-east Algerian) is composed of a variety of
wetlands including Lake of Birds. It is a lacustrine ecosystem of fresh water, classified as
Ramsar site in 1999 renowned for its flora and fauna biodiversity.
The water pollution of this ecosystem is a reality and represents a serious
environmental problem. To protect this aquatic ecosystem, it has become essential to make
this pollution measurable by assessing, on the first hand, the physicochemical and
bacteriological parameters of the water of the lake, and on the second hand by a diagnosis of
heavy metals pollution.
The study of physicochemical parameters showed high levels of phosphates and
nitrogen compounds, and the bacteriological results of the water showed a very important
faecal contamination expressed by high levels in total coliforms, faecal coliforms and faecal
streptococci. This pollution is a consequence of untreated sewage discharges which have a
direct and significant impact on the quality of water, nutrients and pollutants introduced by
the inputs of domestic waste water into the lake and also by agricultural activities.
The results obtained from analyzes of heavy metals show that the metal contents Lead ( Pb),
Cadmium (Cd), and Zinc (Zn) are high resulting from anthropogenic activities of urban
origin. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) revealed two gradients the first reflects the
degree of organic pollution, while the second describes the metal pollution.
The floristic inventory made it possible to identify 37 plant species belonging to 18
different families. Margalef's diversity index measure shows a low floristic diversity is usually
due to extensive grazing and leads to the appearance of species indicative of environmental
degradation as: Galactites tomentosa, Scolymus hispanicus, Cynodon dactylon, Anthoxantum
odoratum. The study of the vegetation dynamics of lake of birds during a period from summer
2014 to spring of 2015, where we established four seasonal vegetation maps (summer, autumn
winter and spring).
Key words: Lake of Bird, physicochemical and bacteriological parameters, organic pollution,
metallic pollution, extensive grazing, vegetation dynamics, seasonal vegetation maps.

Information

Item Type:	Thesis
Divisions:	» Laboratory for Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecosystems » Faculty of Natural Sciences and Life
ePrint ID:	1379
Date Deposited:	2018-07-09
Further Information:	Google Scholar
URI:	https://www.univ-soukahras.dz/en/publication/article/1379

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